CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
In most organizations
particularly business organizations, most of what goes on consists largely of
transactions. A transaction is a recorded event having to do with routine
business activities. This includes everything concerning the product or service
in which the organization is engaged: production, distribution, sales, order
and stock-taking. It also includes the materials purchased, employees hired,
taxes paid and so on. Today in most organizations, the bulk of such transactions
are recorded in a computer-based information system.
Computer-based information systems are
systems that tend to have clearly defined inputs and outputs that enable and
provide necessary facilities for accurately and efficiently managing an
organizational process. It could be sales, order or record keeping of staff.
Information system is a collection of people, procedures, software, hardware
and data. Connectivity allows computers to connect and share information,
thereby greatly expanding the capability and usefulness of an information
system. Computer-based information systems are meant to reduce the stress in
managing businesses or organizational procedures.
Management Information System (MIS) is
one of the major types of computer-based information systems. It uses the
database of an organization in producing well structured forms of reports.
1.2
BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY
The
development of personnel management dates back to the period of World War I
around the year 1915 and more recently to the human relations movement of 1935
– 1950.
In one of
the studies of Elton mayor, he discovered that psychological factors as well as
social factors influence individuals at work rather than physical factors.
Specific
reasons for the development of personnel management include: -
(i) As a result of increasing influence of trade
unions,
traditionally personnel administration took on the role of
pacifying the trade unions, so that management could be free
to run the companies without
interference from employees.
(ii) The formulation of minimum wages low costs and
individual legislations increased
the need for a team of personnel specialties.
(iii) As the union became more sophisticated and
powerful the
need for highly skilled individual relations should increase.
(iv) The
increasing size of business, government and other
institutions brought new dimension into the profession of
personnel management. .
Traditionally, it was practiced in homes where the father is the head of
the family. It was he who planned what the family should do, the type of
farming, size and where to sell the harvested products. His wives and children
helped in the process, no external recruitment was involved, so the more wives
and children a man had, the more likely it was that the family be well-of. The
recent practices of personnel management in Nigeria is tied up with history and
development of the public services, private companies and civil services.
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEMS.
The
management of human resources has remained the most complex aspect of many
organizations. In fact, this had been the reason why most management scientists
in the research identified personnel management as the backbone of any
organization.
Following
the problem in Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation, there were cases were
files get missing, cabinet gets jammed delaying the presentation of certain
information about the staff, destruction of files and records in the case of
fire outbreaks, time required to record as well as presenting an Information
and also the cost of purchasing files, paper and furniture and fixtures.
Lack of effectiveness in their methods of
record keeping, further compounds the problem.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF
THE STUDY
The objectives of this
project work include;
·
Timely and quality
output to managers for decision making
·
Providing specific
type of output according to specified input
·
It also aims at
providing a well secure database management system
Most importantly, this project work aims at eliminating the
problems
encountered in the manual system of personnel
management
operations by the use of this
computerized Personnel Management
System software.
1.5 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
This
work could be useful for personnel managers or officers in an organization as
well as those involved in research work on personnel management. However, this
research work would let us know that the success of an organization largely
depends on the assessment and appraisal of individuals and company employee’s
potential, performance and how well the organization can strive to equip all
its workers.
Hence, this research work will be of immense assistance to the
organizational environment because personnel will be able to find the best
solution to the various personnel problems as the computerized personnel
management information system software will play a very big role in removing
the stress in record keeping.
There are many other
advantages, and some of them are listed below.
·
It saves a lot of time in processing personnel
information.
·
Database access is fast, reliable and secure in term
of
authorized access using data encryption and
decryption.
·
Transactions are secured (login page).
·
It helps in reducing the costs of labour, fixtures
and stationary
(Paper, files, pens, marker and so on.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research work will concentrate on staff
employment form which includes the name, sex, location in fact information
about the staff, performance assessment, retirement and handling of some
queries like; updating staff record, deleting staff record and searching for
staff information via Rank, Department or ID as the case may be. It is a case
study of Nigeria Petroleum Corporation Lagos.
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE
STUDY
Due to time constraint,
finance and confidentiality of information, program developed covers all aspect
of employment, assessment and retirement. What ever is left out is as a result
of the stated limitations.
1.8 ASSUMPTION
OF THE STUDY
During
the process of data collection, information relating to personal management was
obtained from Nigeria National Petroleum
Corporation Lagos. The information was
collected from the admin staff during the course of my industrial attachment. Hence,
it is assumed that all the data collected are correct and contains no false
information.
1.9 DEFINITION OF
TERMS/ VARIABLES
Personnel: It is a department in an organization that deals
with
employees records, hiring or retirement.
Management: It is the co-ordination of all the resources
of an
organization through the process of planning,
organization,
directing and controlling.
Public sector: The industries and services that
are owned and
run by the government.
Private sector: The industries and services that
are owned and
run by private companies.
System: A method or set of procedures even personnel working
together as a whole to achieve a goal.
Data: Numbers, Text or image which is in the form
suitable for
storage in or processing by a computer, or an
incomplete
information.
Information: A meaning full material derived from
computer
data by organizing it and Interpreting it in a
specified way.
Input: Data entered into a computer for storage or
processing.
Output: Information produced from a computer after
processing.
Information System: A set of interrelated components that
collect (or retrieve), process, store and
distribute
information to support decision
making and
control in an organization.
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